Network file sharing software#
In the Gnutella network, all connecting software was considered equal, and therefore the network had no central point of failure. Gnutella, released in March, was the first decentralized file-sharing network.
Gnutella, eDonkey2000, and Freenet were released in 2000, as MP3.com and Napster were facing litigation. In the case of Napster, it has been ruled that an online service provider could not use the "transitory network transmission" safe harbor in the DMCA if they had control of the network with a server. In December 1999, Napster was sued by several recording companies and lost in A&M Records, Inc. It is generally credited as being the first peer-to-peer file sharing system. In June 1999, Napster was released as an unstructured centralized peer-to-peer system, requiring a central server for indexing and peer discovery. In 1998, MP3.com and Audiogalaxy were established, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act was unanimously passed, and the first mp3 player devices were launched. The mp3 encoding, which was standardized in 1991 and substantially reduced the size of audio files, grew to widespread use in the late 1990s. Internet Relay Chat (1988) and Hotline (1997) enabled users to communicate remotely through chat and to exchange files. Computers were able to access remote files using filesystem mounting, bulletin board systems (1978), Usenet (1979), and FTP servers (1970's). Comparison of Internet Relay Chat clientsįiles were first exchanged on removable media.Practice of distributing or providing access to digitally stored information
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